96 Tests PN: B113384

Components:

45x Ab-conjugated beads (S4P8- human sB7-H1 Ab-bead). PN: B113384A. One vial containing 100 µL of anti-human sB7-H1 conjugated to AimPlex Bead S4P8.

25x Biotin-detection (human sB7-H1 Biotin-dAb). PN: B113384B. One vial containing 100 µL of biotinylated anti-human sB7-H1.

Lyophilized Standard Mix-Human Group B, 9-Plex. PN: HG9009B. One vial containing lyophilized recombinant human sCEACAM-1, sALCAM, sSLAMF4, sHVEM, sB7-DC, sB7-H1, sEpCAM, sBLAME and sEPOR.  Note: If multiple analyte kits on the above target list are ordered as a panel, only one vial of standard mix is supplied for those analyte kits.

Application: Optimal antibody pair and antigen standard for assaying human Human PD-L1/B7-H1/sCD274. Can be multiplexed with other analytes in Human Group 9.  To be used in conjunction with the AimPlex NR Basic Kit (PN: P100001) and a diluent kit. Refer to the AimPlex Multiplex Immunoassay User Manual and kit inserts for the assay procedure.

Storage:  2-8 C in the dark.

Important: Sodium azide forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. These products contain <0.05% (w/w) azide which with repeated contact with lead and copper commonly found in plumbing drains may result in the buildup of shock sensitive compounds. Dispose in accordance with regulations from your institute.

For Research Use Only.  Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Assay Specifications:

  • Sample types: Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma, bodily fluid and tissue/cell lysate

  • Sensitivity (LOD): < 20 pg/mL

  • Quantitation range:

  • LLOQ: < 50 pg/mL

  • ULOQ: > 10,000 pg/mL

  • Standard dose recovery: 70-130%

  • Intra-assay CV: < 10%

  • Inter-assay CV: < 20%

  • Cross-reactivity of analytes in Human Group 9: Negligible

  • Sample volume: 15 µL/test

Description:

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also known as B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1) or CD274 or is a transmembrane protein that has been speculated to play a major role in suppressing the immune system during particular events such as pregnancy, tissue allografts, autoimmune disease and other disease states such as hepatitis. Normally the immune system reacts to foreign antigens where there is some accumulation in the lymph nodes or spleen which triggers a proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell. The formation of PD-1 receptor / PD-L1 or B7.1 receptor /PD-L1 ligand complex transmits an inhibitory signal which reduces the proliferation of these CD8+ T cells at the lymph nodes and supplementary to that PD-1 is also able to control the accumulation of foreign antigen specific T cells in the lymph nodes through apoptosis which is further mediated by a lower regulation of the gene Bcl-2. Diseases associated with CD274 include cheilitis and actinic cheilitis.

References:

  1. Chemnitz JM, Parry RV, Nichols KE, June CH, Riley JL (July 2004). "SHP-1 and SHP-2 associate with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif of programmed death 1 upon primary human T cell stimulation, but only receptor ligation prevents T cell activation". Journal of Immunology 173 (2): 945–54. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.2.945. PMID 15240681.

  2. Butte MJ, Peña-Cruz V, Kim MJ, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH (August 2008). "Interaction of human PD-L1 and B7-1". Mol Immunol. 45 (13): 3567–72. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2008.05.014. PMID 18585785.

  3. Elias A. Said et al. 2009, PD-1 Induced IL10 Production by Monocytes Impairs T-cell Activation in a Reversible Fashion" Nature Medicine 2010; 452-9.

  4. Sheppard KA, Fitz LJ, Lee JM, Benander C, George JA, Wooters J, Qiu Y, Jussif JM, Carter LL, Wood CR, Chaudhary D. (September 2004). "PD-1 inhibits T-cell receptor induced phosphorylation of the ZAP70/CD3zeta signalosome and downstream signaling to PKCtheta.". FEBS Lett. 574 (1-3): 37–41. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.083. PMID 15358536.