96 Tests PN: B112517

Components:

45x Ab-conjugated beads (S5P9- Human PF4 Ab-bead). PN: B112517A. One vial containing 100 µL of anti-Human PF4 conjugated to AimPlex Bead S5P9.

25x Biotin-detection Ab (Human PF4 Biotin-dAb). PN: B112517B. One vial containing 100 µL of biotinylated anti-Human PF4.

Lyophilized Standard Mix-Human Group 7, Panel B, 7-Plex. PN: HG72006. One vial containing lyophilized recombinant NAP-2, PARC, sPD-1, PF4, SDF-1, TARC, and TECK.  Note: If multiple analyte kits on the above target list are ordered as a panel, only one vial of standard mix is supplied for those analyte kits.

Application: Optimal antibody pair and antigen standard for assaying human CXCL4/PF4. Can be multiplexed with other analytes in Human Group 7.  To be used in conjunction with the AimPlex NR Basic Kit (PN: P100001) and a diluent kit. Refer to the AimPlex Multiplex Immunoassay User Manual and kit inserts for the assay procedure.

Storage:  2-8 C in the dark.

Important: Sodium azide forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. These products contain <0.05% (w/w) azide which with repeated contact with lead and copper commonly found in plumbing drains may result in the buildup of shock sensitive compounds. Dispose in accordance with regulations from your institute.

For Research Use Only.  Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Assay Specifications:

  • Sample types: Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma, bodily fluid and tissue/cell lysate

  • Sensitivity (LOD): < 5 pg/mL

  • Quantitation range:

  • LLOQ: < 10 pg/mL

  • ULOQ: > 2,000 pg/mL

  • Standard dose recovery: 70-130%

  • Intra-assay CV: < 10%

  • Inter-assay CV: < 20%

  • Cross-reactivity of analytes in Human Group 7: Negligible

  • Sample volume: 15 µL/test

Description:

Platelet factor 4 (PF4) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4). This chemokine is released from alpha-granules of activated platelets during platelet aggregation and promotes blood coagulation by moderating the effects of heparin-like molecules. Due to these roles, it is predicted to play a role in wound repair and inflammation. It is usually found in a complex with proteoglycan. The heparin:PF4 complex is the antigen in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, an idiosyncratic autoimmune reaction to the administration of the anticoagulant heparin. PF4 autoantibodies have also been found in patients with thrombosis and features resembling HIT but no prior administration of heparin. The human platelet factor 4 kills malaria parasites within erythrocytes by selectively lysing the parasite's digestive vacuole. Diseases associated with PF4 include Erythromelalgia and Sneddon Syndrome.

References:

  1. Eisman R, Surrey S, Ramachandran B, Schwartz E, Poncz M (July 1990). "Structural and functional comparison of the genes for human platelet factor 4 and PF4alt". Blood 76 (2): 336–44. PMID 1695112.

  2. O'Donovan N, Galvin M, Morgan J (1999). "Physical mapping of the CXC chemokine locus on human chromosome 4". Cytogenet Cell Genet 84 (1–2): 39–42. doi:10.1159/000015209. PMID 10343098.

  3. Lasagni L, Francalanci M, Annunziato F, Lazzeri E, Giannini S, Cosmi L, Sagrinati C, Mazzinghi B, Orlando C, Maggi E, Marra F, Romagnani S, Serio M, Romagnani P (2003). "An alternatively spliced variant of CXCR3 mediates the inhibition of endothelial cell growth induced by IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, and acts as functional receptor for platelet factor 4". J Exp Med 197 (11): 1537–1549. doi:10.1084/jem.20021897. PMC 2193908. PMID 12782716.

  4. Warkentin TE (March 2007). "Drug-induced immune-mediated thrombocytopenia--from purpura to thrombosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (9): 891–893. doi:10.1056/NEJMp068309. PMID 17329695.