96 Tests PN: B311144

Components:

45x Ab-conjugated beads (S4P10 - Rat BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC Ab-bead). PN: B311144A. One vial containing 100 µL of anti-rat BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC conjugated to AimPlex Bead S4P10.

25x Biotin-detection Ab (Rat BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC Biotin-dAb). PN: B311144B. One vial containing 100 µL of biotinylated anti-rat BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC.

Lyophilized Standard Mix - BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC, PN: B311144S. One vial containing lyophilized BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC.

Application: Optimal antibody pair and antigen standard for assaying Rat BRAK/CXCL14/MIP-2γ/BMAC. To be used in conjunction with the AimPlex Mouse/Rat Basic Kit (PN: P200201) and a diluent kit. Refer to the AimPlex Multiplex Immunoassay User Manual and kit inserts for the assay procedure.

Storage:  2-8 C in the dark.

Important: Sodium azide forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. These products contain <0.05% (w/w) azide which with repeated contact with lead and copper commonly found in plumbing drains may result in the buildup of shock sensitive compounds. Dispose in accordance with regulations from your institute.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Assay Specifications:

  • Sample types: Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma, bodily fluid and tissue/cell lysate

  • Sensitivity (LOD): < 10 pg/mL

  • Quantitation range:

  • LLOQ: < 20 pg/mL

  • ULOQ: > 5,000 pg/mL

  • Standard dose recovery: 70-130%

  • Intra-assay CV: < 10%

  • Inter-assay CV: < 20%

  • Sample volume: 15 µL/test

Description:

CXCL14 (Chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 14) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as BRAK (for breast and kidney-expressed chemokine). Mature CXCL14 has many of the conserved features of the CXC chemokine subfamily but has some differences too, such as a shorter N-terminus and five extra amino acids in the region between its third and fourth cysteines. CXCL14 is constitutively expressed at high levels in many normal tissues, where its cellular source is thought to be fibroblasts.  However, it is reduced or absent from most cancer cells.  This chemokine is chemotactic for monocytes and can activate these cells in the presence of an inflammatory mediator called prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2). It is also a potent chemoattractant and activator of dendritic cells, is implicated in homing of these cells, and can stimulate the migration of activated NK cells. CXCL14 also inhibits angiogenesis, possibly as a result of its ability to block endothelial cell chemotaxis.  Diseases associated with CXCL14 include penile neoplasm..

References:

  1. Hromas, R.; Broxmeyer, H. E.; Kim, C.; Nakshatri, H.; Christopherson, K., II; Azam, M.; Hou, Y.-H. Cloning of BRAK, a novel divergent CXC chemokine preferentially expressed in normal versus malignant cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 255: 703-706, 1999. PubMed ID : 10049774

  2. Kurth, I.; Willimann, K.; Schaerli, P.; Hunziker, T.; Clark-Lewis, I.; Moser, B. Monocyte selectivity and tissue localization suggests a role for breast and kidney-expressed chemokine (BRAK) in macrophage development. J. Exp. Med. 194: 855-861, 2001. PubMed ID : 11561000

  3. Frederick, M. J.; Henderson, Y.; Xu, X.; Deavers, M. T.; Sahin, A. A.; Wu, H.; Lewis, D. E.; El-Naggar, A. K.; Clayman, G. L. In vivo expression of the novel CXC chemokine BRAK in normal and cancerous human tissue. Am. J. Path. 156: 1937-1950, 2000. PubMed ID : 10854217

  4. Shurin, G. V.; Ferris, R.; Tourkova, I. L.; Perez, L.; Lokshin, A.; Balkir, L.; Collins, B.; Chatta, G. S.; Shurin, M. R. Loss of new chemokine CXCL14 in tumor tissue is associated with low infiltration by dendritic cells (DC), while restoration of human CXCL14 expression in tumor cells causes attraction of DC both in vitro and in vivo. J. Immun. 174: 5490-5498, 2005. PubMed ID : 15843547